FALL PREVENTION

Falls have been identified as a major source of hospital-acquired injury and have frequently been reported to result in problems and lengthened hospital stays. The usual goals of fall interventions and evaluation are injury prevention and safety enhancement. Because there have been more recorded falls in recent years, an increasing emphasis has been placed on preventing damage and maintaining patient security. As a result, this article will examine the available information to see whether it supports the planned initiative, whether further study is necessary, and how to use the evidence to address some of the issues.

Several recent initiatives have been designed to show how many falls are occurring less frequently in hospitals. However, not all hospitals have systematically implemented these principles; as a result, some hospitals continue to have high fall rates. Three different forms of falls that might cause injuries to people inside hospitals have been identified. These include expected physiological events, unexpected physiological events, and unintentional falls. Accidental falls happen when a patient slips and falls because of a dangerous situation (Lee, H. et al. 2013). Current data demonstrate that most fall prevention strategies are targeted toward preventing unintentional falls. According to some researchers, patients who experience unintentional falls find it difficult to be spotted prior to the incident and do not perform poorly when tested using a prediction tool.

It follows that new innovations aimed at enhancing environmental safety would contribute to lowering or eliminating these accidental falls. Patients with fall risk factors that are known in advance usually experience falls of the anticipated physiologic type. All., and, and, and, and, and, and, and, and, and, and, and, and, and, and, and, and, and (Lee, H. et al. 2013). A patient with these conditions is likely to fall at any time. The majority of falls that occur in hospitals are of the anticipated physiologic kind, and it has been discovered. Addressing the risk factors is one of the interventions used to stop these falls. On the other hand, patients who do not exhibit the actual causes of falls within their fall risk factors experience unexpected physiologic falls. These kinds of falls are frequently linked to medical conditions, including stroke, syncopal episodes, or even seizures. However, it is clear that these physical issues are difficult to detect before the patient actually falls. The injury prevention precautions in case a recurrence happens, as well as post-fall measures, are crucial interventions for this (Lee, H. et al. 2013).

Many different fall anticipatory intervention strategies have been tested by numerous researchers. They encompass multifactorial interventions, single interventions, and multiple interventions. One element is utilized on single interventions in order to prevent falls. A review of the patient’s medications might be included in this. Similar combinations of treatments are included in multiple responses and are typically accessible to all participants. For instance, all patients getting routine toileting and participating in supervised or monitored exercise fall under the category of numerous interventions. Contrarily, multifactorial interventions rely on individual evaluations of risks or dangers as well as the implementation of multi-component interventions. These multifactorial programs, such as evaluations on post-falls, toileting, staff education, and patient education, have frequently been seen as intervention packages. Multifactorial approaches are among the best patient-specific measures, according to the evidence (Miake-Lye, I.et.al., 2013).

This evidence-based performance’s goal is to offer a multifactorial approach that can be applied consistently to neurosurgery or inpatient orthopedic cases in hospitals and eventually be integrated into all hospital systems. This strategy is applied in the identification of individuals who are at fall risk and offers personalized or personalized interventions that are important for preventing falls (Miake-Lye, I.et.al., 2013). In recent years, medical professionals have learned that traumas and falls, which can result in dislocations, brain injuries, burns, crushing injuries, fractures, and other injuries, are clinical or hospital-acquired circumstances. In several countries, a Joint Commission Healthcare Transformation Center that focuses on patient falls has been established to address these problems. Data presented to this panel suggests that moderate to severe fall-related injuries, on average, result in stays of seven days or more in a single hospital, with an associated cost of roughly $ 14056 for each patient. This demonstrates that hundreds of patients fall each year in our hospitals, and 30 to 50 percent of them get injuries (Miake-Lye, I.et.al., 2013). As a result, this is cause for concern and necessitates the implementation of the required control measures to stop these falls.

The Joint Commission, therefore, began the patient preventative measures to address these issues in response to this evidence of an increase in falls. Their fall prevention effort concentrated on providing interventions with a basis based on the patient’s evaluated fall risk factors. It contained an online tool that provided direction to hospitals on how to prevent falls by identifying and evaluating the reasons, assessing the current situation, putting solutions into practice, and disseminating potential changes and maintaining them (Jung, Y.et.al.2015).

However, data has persisted in showing that multimodal interventions are the best strategy for preventing falls in any hospital setting. In hospitals, multifactorial approaches that incorporate increased observation and surveillance have been effective in preventing falls. In order to address this, attempts have been undertaken to implement similar programs in all hospitals (Jung Y.et.al., 2015).

To fully understand the effectiveness of these multifactorial intervention approaches, more study is necessary. For instance, analyzing data on 254 fall cases from a specific hospital suggests that a large portion of the project is required. Therefore, a distinct sample rather than a randomized one is needed to determine the precise number of victims that sustain fall injuries within the specified time frames. This demonstrates how much opportunity there is for more research on the initiative to demonstrate its efficacy in reducing falls within hospitals. More research is required to find the answers to issues like how effective the program is at reducing the number of hospitalized patients within the neurosurgical unit. In comparison to the ongoing treatment provided to patients, how beneficial is this program? Despite the multifactorial intervention program being the most effective thus far at preventing falls, much remains to be done, necessitating further research in this area (Jung Y.et.al., 2015).

Nonetheless, the multifactorial fall prevention program has so far been successful in treating some of the more serious cases and lowering the overall fall rates observed in hospitals. This indicates that a portion of the issues has been addressed, and more favorable outcomes will be obtained after they are fully integrated into the hospital’s systems. The evidence that is currently available suggests that this program has the potential to be the most effective treatment for falls within healthcare facilities.

References

Lee, H. C., Chang, K. C., Tsauo, J. Y., Hung, J. W., Huang, Y. C., & Lin, S. I. (2013). Effects of a multifactorial fall prevention program on fall incidence and physical function in community-dwelling older adults with risk of falls. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 94(4), 606-615.

Miake-Lye, I. M., Hempel, S., Ganz, D. A., & Shekelle, P. G. (2013). Inpatient fall prevention programs as a patient safety strategy: a systematic review. Annals of internal medicine, 158(5_Part_2), 390-396.

Karlsson, M. K., Magnusson, H., von Schewelov, T., & Rosengren, B. E. (2013). Prevention of falls in the elderly—a review. Osteoporosis international, 24(3), 747-762.

Jung, Y., Lee, K., Shin, S., & Lee, W. (2015). Effects of a multifactorial fall prevention program on balance, gait, and fear of falling in post-stroke inpatients. Journal of physical therapy science, 27(6), 1865-1868.

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To Prepare:

• Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry. Keep in mind that the clinical issue you identify for your research will stay the same for the entire course.
  

  FALL PREVENTION

• Based on the clinical issue of interest and using keywords related to the clinical issue of interest, search at least four different databases in the Walden Library to identify at least four relevant peer-reviewed articles related to your clinical issue of interest. You should not be using systematic reviews for this assignment, select original research articles.
• Review the results of your peer-reviewed research and reflect on the process of using an unfiltered database to search for peer-reviewed research.
• Reflect on the types of research methodologies contained in the four relevant peer-reviewed articles you selected.

Part 1: Identifying Research Methodologies

After reading each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, use the Matrix Worksheet template to analyze the methodologies applied in each of the four peer-reviewed articles. Your analysis should include the following:

• The full citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format.
• A brief (1-paragraph) statement explaining why you chose this peer-reviewed article and/or how it relates to your clinical issue of interest, including a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest.
• A brief (1-2 paragraph) description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article.
• A brief (1-2 paragraph) description of the research methodology used. Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific.
• A brief (1- to 2-paragraph) description of the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles you selected.

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