Ectopic Pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy is one of the various disorders that can develop during pregnancy. When the fertilized ovum is deposited outside of the uterine cavity, where it should ordinarily reside, the condition known as ectopic pregnancy results. One of the most hazardous pregnancy conditions a woman can experience is this one because, if untreated, it might rupture, resulting in substantial blood loss that can be fatal. According to the Planned Parenthood organization, it only occurs in “…approximately 2 out of every 100 pregnancies,” despite the fact that it is exceedingly risky and rare. Although an ectopic pregnancy can occur in the ovary, abdominal cavity, or lower section of the uterus (cervix), the fallopian tubes are where this occurs most frequently.

95% of ectopic pregnancies, also known as tubal pregnancies, happen in the fallopian tubes, one of the areas where they can happen. The fertilized egg must be removed because it is inside the fallopian tube, a hollow tube that carries the ovum from the ovary to the uterus. Because the ovum does not have enough room or a sufficient blood supply to mature, it will not survive for very long. This sort of pregnancy cannot last the entire duration of the pregnancy because if it is not treated and grows further, it will probably rupture and cause significant internal bleeding. Medication, laparoscopic surgery, or abdominal surgery can all be used to treat the removal of the ovum and fallopian tube. As the patient may bleed profusely, the nurse’s job is to keep an eye out for hypovolemic shock and monitor the vital signs and temperature for infection. By offering coping mechanisms like calming music, creative expression, or relaxation techniques to the bereaved mother and family, the nurse can also incorporate guided imagery into their care. Despite their best efforts, surgeons are frequently unable to save the tube since a rupture could result in severe damage that requires removal. The patient may experience emotional stress as a result, particularly if they still desire to have children. It is the nurse’s responsibility to offer the patient and family both emotional support and privacy and to recognize that the family will require time to process their loss.

Although there is no surefire way to stop an ectopic pregnancy from occurring, pelvic pain and light vaginal bleeding are some early signs to watch out for. Even though not all women may bleed, the patient will constantly feel sick and have the urge to urinate. When these signs and symptoms, such as shoulder pain, appear, it is likely that the fallopian tubes are bleeding, and you should seek medical assistance right away because excessive bleeding can shock you.

Previous ectopic pregnancies, cervicitis inflammation or infection, fertility medications, past tubal ligation, smoking, and fertility therapies are some variables that increase a woman’s risk of having an ectopic pregnancy. The only approach to try and reduce the risk would be to limit the number of sexual partners you have, always use a condom to prevent STDs, and if you smoke, it is advised that you give it up before trying to conceive.

Being pregnant is a frightening experience in and of itself; difficulties heighten the fear. Although ectopic pregnancies are rare, 95% of those that do occur in the fallopian tubes; therefore, symptoms should be reported to a doctor as soon as possible, if at all feasible, to prevent or lessen the severe and hazardous consequences of this illness.

References:

Ectopic pregnancy. (2018, May 22). Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ectopic-pregnancy/symptoms-causes/syc-20372088

Leifer, G. (2014). Introduction to maternity and pediatric nursing. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

Parenthood, P. (n.d.). What Is Ectopic Pregnancy? | Definition and Treatment. Retrieved from https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/pregnancy/ectopic-pregnancy

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