Business & Finance Research Methods Case Study: Open Doors Assignments

1. How did ODO operationalize the definition of an adult with a disability? What arguments could you make that the definition was too inclusive or too narrow?

ODO’s definition of disability was admittedly narrowed to include permanent, physically limiting disabilities, and excluding those with mental or emotional disorders. This definition was narrowed from the U.S. Census definition, “blindness, deafness, or a condition that substantially limits one or more basic physical activities such as walking, climbing stairs, reaching, lifting, or carrying”. The ODO itself admits that its definition was narrow, and I would agree. Mental and emotional disabilities while they may not always be permanent, they do cause debilitating issues for a person to perform what the ODO might deem simple.

2. Analyze the research design’s various components. Identify any potential problems and explain the ramifications of these design issues. Identify potential strengths of the design.

Components of ODO’s research design:

1. Focus groups: A focus group of 13 disabled people who met twice, was used by the ODO to identify critical issues, and ensure the proper language was being used to clarify issues. A focus group can be effective as members are more accessible, allowing the researcher a greater amount of control and flexibility. A ramification of a focus group may include a poor representation of the population and therefore a flawed conclusion of
2. Questionnaire design: The ODO wanted buy-in from organizations that already address disability issues and those that could benefit from the findings of the study, so it recruited representatives to influence the questionnaire design. By involving organizations that could benefit from the findings of the study, ideally your research would provide information that is useful and relevant. Survey questions were developed based on what executives from top travel destinations, and airlines wanted to know. I believe that involving stakeholders who regularly deal with the disabled population would make the findings of this study to be the most relevant after some fine-tuning. By not using this as the only means of research I believe the ramifications of this method would be minimal.

1. Telephone/Online interviews: Communicating with the disabled population via phone or interactive online interviews makes sense due to the issues of accessibility those with disabilities face One ramification of this type of research would be those who lack the ability or technology to do this.

3. What is a hybrid (dual-modality) methodology? What are the pros and cons of the hybrid methodology used in this study?

A hybrid (dual-modality) methodology is defined by, Di Tria, Lefons, & Tangorra, (2012) as, combining and integrating a data-driven approach with a requirement-driven one. Some pros of using a hybrid model for this study echo Vukanović when he states, “hybrid business models emerge, develop, and are then commercialized, but also the wider societal impact and benefit of the emerging, new technologies’ added network value in different digital, cyber, and hypermedia ecosystems as well as organizational architecture and platforms”(2016). The dual methodology or hybrid model was used by the ODO when analyzing the travel needs of the disabled via the internet and phone interviews. This method was used to obtain a balanced, or representative sample.

4. Francie Turk had no prior experience with researching Americans with disabilities.

 Assume you have a similar background; what would you have done in the exploratory phase of this project to become familiar with the frustrations and hurdles that adults with disabilities face when traveling? Compare your research process with what ODO did. What could ODO have gained from incorporating your methods?

Assuming I have a similar background to Francie Turk who had no prior experience researching Americans with disabilities I would work to familiarize myself with what I was tasked to research. I would do this by talking to a variety of disabled people, doing my best to be inclusive to all of the different characteristics of a disabled person to better understand their day-to-day challenges while also learning about challenges when traveling. Additionally, I would try to talk to those who are great resources to the disabled population, and who work frequently with the disabled population. The ODO’s research design was more automated, however, most research studies are. I feel that the ODO may have gained support from more than organizations that deal with a disabled population regularly, but support from the disabled populating by involving my methods. Therefore, their findings would be relevant to more than just the stakeholders.

5. Brainstorm lists of potential hotel, restaurant, and rental car accommodations to be evaluated for adults with disabilities and create your own paired-comparison question. During a phone interview, how quickly could you cover this question? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using this measurement scale in the phone survey in comparison to using it in the online survey?

Accommodating individuals with disabilities involves finding ways to best assist and create ease to function normally in society. During a phone interview, this question could be covered likely in less than five minutes by asking specific questions in a yes or no-answer fashion. Phone interviews are a preferred method to online surveys as they allow for more dialogue and responsiveness to open-ended questions. Some accommodations to be evaluated for adults with disabilities in public would be larger rooms, and larger elevators in a hotel with better features to allow disabled people to function normally away from home. Or, brail menus to allow blind people to attend a restaurant without assistance from a friend or employee.

6. What are the management, research, and investigative questions driving the next Adults with Disabilities: Travel and Hospitality Study?

The ODO’s investigative questions that drove the study were to understand the disability community’s travel frustrations and experiences. The ODO wanted to know how to make those with disabilities not feel the weight of often staying home rather than facing the obstacles of restaurants, hotel rooms, and airplanes. Their next study regarding hospitality to adults with disabilities I would imagine would be focused on enhancing experiences.

References:

Di Tria, F., Lefons, E., & Tangorra, F. (2012). Hybrid methodology for data warehouse conceptual design by UML schemas. Information and Software Technology, 54(4), 360- 379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2011.11.004

Schindler, P. S. (2019). Business research methods (13th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Vukanović, Z. (2016). Foreign direct investment inflows into the south east european media market: Towards a hybrid business model. Springer.

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1. How did ODO operationalize the definition of an adult with a disability? Whatarguments could you make that the definition was too inclusive or too narrow?

2. Analyze the research design’s various components. Identify any potential problems

and explain the ramifications of these design issues. Identify potential strengths of

the design.

3. What is a hybrid (dual-modality) methodology? What are the pros and cons of the

hybrid methodology used in this study?

4. Francie Turk had no prior experience with researching Americans with disabilities.

Assume you have similar background; what would you have done in the exploratory

phase of this project to become familiar with the frustrations and hurdles that adults

with disabilities face when traveling? Compare your research process with what

ODO did. What could ODO have gained from incorporating your methods?

5. Brainstorm lists of potential hotel, restaurant, and rental car accommodations to be

evaluated for adults with disabilities and create your own paired-comparison question.

During a phone interview, how quickly could you cover this question? What are the

advantages and disadvantages to using this measurement scale in the phone survey

in comparison to using it in the online survey?

6. What are the management, research, and investigative questions driving the next

Adults with Disabilities: Travel and Hospitality Study?

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