Researched Proposal Rough Draft

A system of social stratification divides people into classes stacked on top of one another. According to wealth and power, it is separated into three classes: top class, middle class, and bottom class. Stratification aids in the understanding of how society is organized and functions. All current positions are motivated by social stratification, especially those with the highest statuses and compensation. Due to the unequal distribution of resources, people are compelled to work harder and more effectively to advance in society.

Furthermore, socioeconomic stratification can lead to many issues in society. Families in lower social strata experience mental stress and despair due to social stratification since they lack certain benefits, including access to income, power, and reputation. To investigate their effects on educational institutions, I shall discuss the social stratifications of gender, social class, and race in this research paper.

As it determines the opportunities we are given, such as the social ranking that men often have higher statuses than women, gender is a key component of social stratification.

Societies stereotype genders based on sex and societal roles, which constitute gender stereotyping. A man, a wife, and biological or adopted children often comprise a traditional family. Home maintenance and child-rearing are frequent responsibilities for women. The man has a responsibility to provide for the family financially. Because it affects one’s perspective and attitude, gender stereotypes of gender roles harm education. In some nations, women are forbidden from going to school and are not provided the means to pursue higher education careers. Women are paid significantly less than men, one in three of them experience physical violence from intimate partners, more than 700 million are married off before they turn 18 every year, and they make up nearly two-thirds of the world’s 775 million illiterate people. Women’s socioeconomic status has not improved because of the persistent male-female gap in educational opportunities. Conflict arises due to this stereotype inside the social institution of schooling. In socioeconomic stratification, race also plays a significant role. The difficulties faced by socioeconomic groups in educational institutions, which result in educational gaps, is a significant issue related to race. According to most of society’s analysts, black people belong to the lower class. More African American males than any other race and gender combination are placed in special education classrooms. Due to cultural differences, academic misidentifications, labeling fluidity, and a lack of motivation or cultural awareness on the part of school faculty members like school psychologists, counselors, administrators, and teachers, African American males appear to be overrepresented in special education classrooms (Moore et al., 2008). Long ago, when slavery still existed, and white people enslaved African Americans, many white people were considered to be of superior social status. The intellectual and developmental results of children are influenced by social class. The academic performance of upper-class and lower-class students differs. Higher social class kids can afford better schools (private schools) and get a better education than lower-class kids who can only go to public schools. Higher socioeconomic class individuals are more likely to succeed and complete a college education. To ensure equity inside the educational institution, several modifications might be made. Promoting equality might begin with challenging limiting beliefs. Children pick up on certain behaviors like prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination at a young age. Children frequently pick up these habits from their parents’ acts or from open and honest conversations. You demonstrate how you treat others; a clear set of guidelines should be in place. The right to a free public education belongs to every child in America. According to the Constitution, every child has the right to an equal opportunity to get an education, regardless of color, ethnicity, religion, sex, social class, or status as a citizen or non-citizen. However, every one of the elements, as mentioned earlier, frequently explains why parents send their kids to private schools.

Research Review

I discovered several fascinating facts after carefully examining the lower class and its relationship to the educational institution. I have found that kids from lower socioeconomic backgrounds are less likely to attend college. In 2009, poor students (those with family incomes in the bottom 20 percent of all families) were five times more likely to drop out of high school than high-income students (those with family incomes in the top 20 percent of all families) (Rumberger, 2013). Poverty, such as family and community poverty, are relevant factors that prevent a child from obtaining a higher education. Family poverty is linked to several negative outcomes, including homelessness, hunger, food insecurity, missing or incarcerated parents, domestic abuse concerns, and homelessness. Sometimes it could be a generational curse; illiterate parents do not stress the value of obtaining an education. Communities with a high concentration of African Americans, in particular, experience disadvantages such as high unemployment rates, neglect, poor health, drug addictions, poverty, welfare dependency, and crimes. It has been observed that a high dropout rate is correlated with family poverty; communities and schools can also raise the dropout rate. To decrease the dropout rate, two basic tactics can be applied. The first is to encourage intervention programs to raise people’s academic accomplishments, attitudes, and behaviors. The second tactic would be to assist families in enhancing the settings independently. Political and public support will be necessary to close the enormous disparity in family income, access to healthcare, school funding, student enrollment, and extra community resources.

Method

In my research, I am drawing on Nancy Rice’s qualitative study, “Critical Pedagogy and African American Males Labeled “Emotionally or Behaviorally Disordered,” which focuses on the application of critical pedagogy to African American males who have been given labels of “emotional or behavioral disorders.” A critical pedagogy is necessary, according to Rice, because it “seeks to uncover taken-for-granted assumptions and analyze the power relations embedded in curricular choices and other schooling practices, such as special education referral, assessment, identification, and placement procedures” (Rice, 2009, p. 65). Teachers and students collaborated closely to conduct the initial research into how their status as special education students affected their identities. The teachers gave the students the opportunity and worked with them like ordinary students. When working with an urban high school, Rice included children with minor disabilities in regular classes with a special education instructor on hand to help. The teachers chosen for this study noted that their students needed help understanding their special education title or diagnosis and that the high school had the potential to be dishonest and should be investigated if necessary. Rice discovered a remarkable fact after hours of observations, interviews, and meetings with the regular and special education classroom teachers. Although honest with their pupils, these teachers pushed them to give it their all. These educators instilled in their pupils a curiosity for learning and a familiarity with their subject. When the students learned about cultural pedagogy, according to Rice, they were more involved and realized their academic achievement in greater detail. Following his research, Rice concluded that “a pedagogy that focuses on the development of positive identities, social justice, developing relationships, fostering autonomy, and social change would benefit teacher education in special education as well as teachers and students in K-12 environments” (Rice, 2006, p. 74–75).

Implications

A society is classified according to wealth, race, power, income, and education. This process is known as social stratification. There are a variety of factors that determine whether groups prosper in the future and which fail. The influence of the government and how some groups cannot rise in social class or socioeconomic standing is one of the most significant factors. Education categorizes a person’s social class, with higher social classes being more advantageous to society. A population with a high level of education does not rely on government aid programs, has a low unemployment rate, and generates more tax income than one with a lower level of education. Education is important because it lowers crime and enhances public health. This study is significant because it shows that African American males are more prone than any other race or gender to experience academic misidentification.

Additionally, studies show that the likelihood of academic misidentification rises as pupils get older, particularly for African American males. Learning difficulties, an intellectual disability, or emotional/behavioral disturbance are all examples of judgmental disabilities.

Because it shows that African American guys on par with them are occasionally mistreated and undervalued, this misidentification impacts both the individuals and their classmates. Minority students are more likely to be assigned to the “judgmental” category of disabilities. As it explains the unequal income distribution, education plays a significant part in supporting the stratification system. In the United States, education is a factor in educational attainment. Compared to other social institutions, educational institutions both reflect and are occasionally the cause of inequality. The educational institutions that students select to attend can impact future achievement. Several policies must be implemented to strengthen the educational institution and deal with challenges. For instance, teachers and administrators often have misconceptions about African American boys and how they interact with the outside world. Due to poor tolerance for disciplinary and remedial measures, more African American males than usual are enrolled in special education classes. Understanding access deficiencies and avoiding mistaking them for cognitive deficits can help to make changes. The personnel must first receive education and discuss how black male pupils are treated and the modifications required to promote equality. The second step is to identify the kids who require assistance. Students can be identified by examining the ratio of black male students and negotiating the modification of the criteria. Finally, the educational institution must assess what is most effective, such as assessing and establishing treatments that benefit the student. Black boys in grades 3 through 8 are frequently misclassified as needing special education, but other supports might enable them to do better academically (McNair, 2021). African American male students are overrepresented in special education classes. African American guys will be affected by the decisions made if this problem is acknowledged and the necessary changes are made.

Conclusion

Finally, it is critical to comprehend that a variety of variables, including gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic class, influence stratification in the educational setting. Education can determine an individual’s social class and upper or lower-class placement. Upper-class people will contribute more to society because they rely less on government help. Numerous research and inadequacies in the educational system exist, as this study has explored. Minorities have a lower likelihood of earning a higher degree, as I have demonstrated. Sadly, social class is determined by a person’s level of education. For instance, if a person is born into a wealthy family, the parents will have the means to provide for the child’s greatest possible education. The youngster will probably succeed and acquire a prestigious job, like a doctor or lawyer. Less obviously, other variables like color and gender can influence someone’s future in a good or bad way. The primary cause of high school dropout rates is poverty. Both individual poverty and collective poverty contribute to the high rates. Children who grow up in poor families may experience more health problems, teen pregnancies, mental health problems, and criminal activities. The likelihood of a person dropping out of school to work and support their parents rises with community poverty. The qualitative study “Critical Pedagogy and African American Males Labeled “Emotionally or Behaviorally Disordered” by Nancy Rice has proved that my research can be applied to the education institution as African American males have a high chance of being placed in special education. This research is important as it shows how social stratification is present in the educational institution and how it contributes to stratification in social class. Several policies and changes should be in place to improve African American males’ circumstances. Education systems must start with educating staff on how to work with African American males. African American males are often misunderstood and misdiagnosed with disabilities. Overall, African American students are more likely to be suspended than whites. Racial disproportionality in discipline is the overrepresentation of children of color who may be subject to discipline, suspension, and expulsion compared to the overall population of children in the entire school. Racial disparity in school discipline is both a cause and effect of racial inequality in American schools. It is important because it means that African American children, mainly African American males, are likelier to end up with an unpromised future. When African American students receive less schooling, they often have higher chances with the criminal justice system, and, in the future, they have little to no luck finding a job due to their background. The school-to-prison pipeline is the relative likelihood that minors and young adults from underprivileged backgrounds will become incarcerated due to the increasingly harsh school rules and the educational inequality present in the United States school systems. Unfortunately, the education institution is affected by gender, race, and social class. After conducting research, statistics prove that this theory is indeed true, which causes fewer educational resources for African American males in special education classrooms.

References

  Cloonan, Emily J., “The Overrepresentation of African American Males in Special Education Classroom: Advantages of Single Sex Education” (2016). Education Masters. Paper 333.

Islam, K. M. M., & Asadullah, M. N. (2018, January 19). Gender stereotypes and education: A comparative content analysis of Malaysian, Indonesian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi textbooks. PloS one. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5774688/

McNair, J. (2021, August 25). How to avoid overidentifying black male students for special education. Edutopia. Retrieved from https://www.edutopia.org/article/how-avoid- overidentifying-black-male-students-special-education

Rice, Nancy. (2006) Critical Pedagogy and African American Males Labeled “Emotionally or Behaviorally Disordered. Multiple Voices for Ethically Diverse Exceptional Learners, 9(1), 64- 76

Rumberger, R. (2013, May). Poverty and high school dropouts. American Psychological Association. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/pi/ses/resources/indicator/2013/05/poverty-dropouts

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Assignment: Researched Proposal Rough Draft

The rough draft of your proposal is due in Unit 4, while the final draft is due in Unit 5.

For the researched proposal, you will identify a problem or issue in your present or past workplace or community. The assignment objective, as provided in Unit 4, is to propose a solution to the problem or issue and to present that solution to a decision-maker or group of decision-makers who can implement the recommendation. You will support your proposal with research.

You will develop a concrete, practical solution to the problem that can be implemented. Reference sources that explain the problem, issue and support the solution will be included.

The proposal must be 2,500 to 3,000 words using APA format for your citations and references. The proposal itself should be single-spaced with double spacing between paragraphs. The word count includes all components. The purpose of establishing a word count is to ensure the topic chosen is neither too big nor too small. Also, writing within parameters is a common requirement in business communications.

The rough draft of your proposal is due in Unit 4.

The objective of the research proposal is to participate in developing a detailed proposal as used in any organizational setting. Access the quick summarized preview of Unit 5 final researched proposal checklist below so you can begin to address these items in your rough draft of the proposal due in this unit.

You will upload your rough draft in two places:

1) The Unit 4 Discussion peer review.

2) The Unit 4 Assignment Dropbox.

Your instructor will review your rough draft and provide you with feedback to guide your writing of the final draft. Your team of peers will provide you with feedback on your draft in the Discussion.

Checklist:

• Contains no fewer than 2,500 words; no more than 3,000.
• Includes a minimum of one original graphic.
• Identifies the audience and purpose.
• Shows research has been conducted, and preliminary integration of research material is in place following current APA formatted in-text citations.
• No fewer than five references are cited, at least one of which is a peer-reviewed article.
• Adheres to business document expectations — single space, double space between paragraphs. Provides a cover letter or memo, a cover page, a table of contents, an executive summary, and references. See source formatting specification in the APA manual for in-text references and reference pages.

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